[Evaluation of the correlation between ration physically effective fiber and rumen pH in dairy cattle]

The current definition of subacute ruminal acidosis [SARA] is based on the pH of the ruminal fluid in dairy cattle and ration physically effective fiber could be used as a non-invasive method for prediction of ruminal pH. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between ration physically effective fiber, measured using old and modified Penn-state particle separator and ruminal pH. The physically effective fiber measured in the ration of 17 rational group [7 fresh and 10 mid lactation cow groups]. Ruminal fluid obtiained by rumenocentesis and SARA affected cows were detected. The physically effective fiber measured by modifed Penn-state particle separator had a correlation with mean ruminal pH of cows [r= 0.595, p= 0.012] and the ratio of subacute ruminal acidosis affected cows in rational groups [r= -0.533, p= 0.027]. The ration of SARA affected mid lactation groups had less physically effective fiber than non affected groups [p= 0.041]. According to our results, the physically effective fiber measured by modifed Penn-state particle separator had more correlation with ruminal pH in dairy cattle and can be used as a predictive index for ruminal pH

[Identifing relationships among acute phase proteins [Hp and Fb], albumin and clinical findings in dairy calf pneumonia]

Enzootic calf bronchopneumonia is a multyfactorial disease that occurs in association whit the in telaction of various infectious agenes, and colf susceptibility. The economic losses is associated with death loss and treatment costs, reduction of live weight gain and reduced of productive life span, whith mey be considevable. The aim of this study was to examine the acute phase response in calves with enzootic pneumonia. We measured acute phase proteins [App] and identified some potential markers useful for evaluation of calve's health status. Sixty Holstein calves within two weeks to six months old were divided into two groups. Clinical findings of individual were recorded after the physical examination. Blood samples were taken from the calves and were used for Complete blood count [CBC] and serum biochemical evaluation. Clinical findings including body temperature, pulsation, and respiratory rate were significant between two groups. Hematological parameters showed no significant differences between two groups as well as some biochemical profiles [albumin and globulin]. The results of this study indicated a significant increase in Haptoglobin [Hp] and Fibrinogen [p<0.05]. Our results showed the application of Haptoglobin and fibrinogen measurements as indicators of health in calf herds, thereby facilitating treatment decisions

[Isolation and identification of Pasteurella spp. in the upper respiratory tract of healthy and unhealthy Holstein [dairy calf pneumonia] calves]

To compare Pasteurella spp. isolates of the nasopharyngeal cultures in healthy and unhealthy Holstein [dairy calf pneumonia] calves. Case control study. Sixty Holstein calves from two weeks up to six-month-old in dairy farms of Mashhad Suburb were selected. In the affected calves, the clinical findings were recorded and nasopharyngeal swabs were also taken. Apparently healthy calves were chosen from the same farm as control. T-test, Mann-Whitney and chi-square. Clinical findings including respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, and illness index scores were significantly different between healthy and unhealthy calves [P<0.05]. Differences between the isolation rates of various pathogens from healthy and unhealthy calves were evaluated by contingency table Chi-square analysis. Pasteurella multicida was isolated more frequently from nasopharynx in affected group than in control one [P<0.05]. Mannheimia hemolytica was isolated more frequently in affected ones than controls. However, its difference was not significant [P>0.05]. Results indicate that Pasteurella multicida was isolated more frequently from nasopharynx in affected calves than in control group. However isolation of Mannheimia hemolytica was not strongly associated with respiratory disease